The Role Of Sports Coach A Good Leader - 1280 Words

An important role of a sports coach is to be a motivator. A motivator is someone who encourages and creates an incentive for someone, such as a performer, to do well. A motivator may prompt a performer by emphasising their progress in a positive way such as praising them on a good performance therefore inspiring them to want to do well again. An example of a motivator would be Kelly Holmes. Not only has she achieved gold in both the 1400m and the 800m in the 2004 Athens Olympics but she has set up the ‘Dame Kelly Holmes Trust’ which engages with more than 3,000 vulnerable young people aged between 16 and 25 and provide them with a stepping stone into community sport. Leader: Another important role is to be a good leader. A leader is†¦show more content†¦In the picture to the right it shows ex-white sox bullpen coach and pitching coach, Juan Nieves for the red sox, fist bump in a friendly manor. Responsibilities Management and planning: A coach has a lot of aspect to manage and plan, from equipment and the facility to transport and competitions. Many sport accidents occur as a result of activities taking place in unsafe or inappropriate facilities. Learning to recognize potentially dangerous situations is therefore an important responsibility for any coach. Prior to the start of the season the coach should ensure that the facility meets minimum safety standards and also plan that the facility should be inspected regularly and maintained in safe condition. A coach should also undertake an accurate equipment inventory at the start of the season to establish the status of equipment and ensure that the correct amount of protective equipment is available and that the equipment fits their participants. A coach should be also able to find appropriate competitions for participants and arrange transport to and from sports events. Without organising to go to competitions participants wouldn’t be put to their sporting limit and tested to see where they need to improve to succeed. Also without planning to compete in competitions the performers may become bored as they don’t have aShow MoreRelatedNegative Leadership and Youth Sports Essay1021 Words   |  5 PagesThere are leaders in every situation and facet of life, leaders are everywhere around us, both in the business world and out in the community. Leaders can be Supervisors, Managers, Pastors, Teachers, or any person in any situation where they are trying to get a group of people to accomplish a specific goal. As stated by Don Clark â€Å"Good leaders are made not born† (Clark 2010), leaders are developed by experience, training, education, and by watching and learning from other leaders. Our children areRead MoreWhat Are Sports Coaching?1211 Words   |  5 Pagesdisplay my research on the specific question that is; â€Å"what is sports coaching?† I will critically analyse the views, thoughts and mainly definitions of various sporting bodies, clubs and current published journals. For every article being analysed, I will separate my research into the validity and reliability of the journal and to conclude, all evaluated evidence will be related to the topic question. The first view towards defining sports coaching is that of Andras S. Szabo. The article has two mainRead MoreA Leader Within A Sport Organization1307 Words   |  6 PagesConsider the discussion of various sources of power as related to leadership. Provide a discussion of how a leader within a sport organization (be sure to identify this leader) uses those sources of power when exercising leadership behavior. Sport Leadership in the 21st Century discussed the theory of leadership and the sources of powers that leaders tend to use in order to have influence over a group or individual and provides the ability to change another person’s behavior, actions, or attitudeRead MoreWhat Drives A Coach Winning Or The Development Of Players?1205 Words   |  5 PagesWhat drives a coach winning or the development of players? We as coaches have taken on a role of responsibility that means a lot to athletes, families and communities. Playing athletics of any sort will teach you many life lessons. But within any work force, you have to produce or make some form of progress. With that being said a major factor when it comes to coaching is, what do you value more? The development of your players or winning games to look good or satisfy some internal drive? SinceRead MoreThe Role of a Coach: Much More Than Just Sports Essay1354 Words   |  6 Pagesparticular sport. But what people do not know is that coaching is more than just a position; it is a partnership. â€Å"Coaching is a one-to-one procedure and a connection between an individual and a coach with specific objectives and goals focused on developing potential, improving interactions, and increasing performance† (Blanchard, 2013). Coaches are usually an expert in their sport and are willing to push potential achievers to where they want to be or what they are willing to become. Being a coach doesn’tRead MoreLeadership Philosophy : Leadership And Coaching Philosophy1621 Words   |  7 Pagesdefined as the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct (Mertz, 2014). Furthermore we need to know about what being a leader means. Leadership is having a vision, sharing that vision and inspiring others to support your vision while cre ating their own (Helmrich, 2015). The definition of being a coach is a method of directing, instructing and training a person or group of people, with the aim to achieve some goal or develop specific skills (Dictionary, 2015)Read MoreThe Importance Of Teaching For The Success Of The Team And The Athletes Involved1601 Words   |  7 Pagesof creating leaders is now just as important as performance. The education that goes into shaping coaches today takes creativity and new technology to stay current with the ever changing landscape of sports. The importance of educating coaches is vital to the success of the team and the athletes involved. Having a strong foundation to build the team on starts with a coach who has taken the time to learn about all the resources available to have more tools to teach. Everyone has a role to play inRead MoreRelationship Between Coaches And Coaches1552 Words   |  7 Pagesgirls say that sports are a big part of who they are. Additionally, there are over 21 million kids between the ages of 6 and 17 that play sports (Kelley). This enormous number not only represents children playing a sport but it also represents something that each of those kids have in common: they each have a coach. There are three key things involved in every sport: the players, the competition, and the coaches. Each of these parts of the sport are important and necessary. Sports are not only aRead MoreEffective Leaders Produce Successful Results1185 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership is found in a variety of aspects of lif e, work, and sports. Few will argue that effective leaders produce successful results. Many more will agree that successful leadership is not always determined by the financial bottom line in business or by win percentage in sports. Leadership in both business and in coaching requires and often exudes a common set of skills, goals, desires, and strategies that are common in both arenas. Leaders in all walks of life, to include commercial real estateRead MoreLeadership Style871 Words   |  4 PagesStyle of Urban Meyer Urban Meyer-Head Coach Ohio State Football Urban Meyer is the head coach for The Ohio State Buckeyes football team. He is 49 years old and was born in Toledo Ohio. He attended University of Cincinnati where he played football. Coach Meyer is married and has three children. Prior to coaching Ohio State he retired from coaching was working as a sports analyst for ESPN. Before retiring and working for ESPN, Coach Meyer was the head coach for the University of Florida. He led

A Comparison of Two Murderers - 1099 Words

In the Edgar Allan Poe stories The Cask of Amontillado and The Tell-Tale Heart the most prominent and important themes that are used are death, logic, and irony. The characters of the narrator and Montresor in these stories are both coldblooded murders that kill for selfish, and inane reasons who firmly believe that their actions are justified even though their rationalizations only make sense in their own minds. They both try to convince their audience that they are completely sane by giving their explanations about why they did what they did as well as their motives for killing their victims. In admitting how they murdered victims, who appear to be innocent to everyone besides them, they only succeed in proving their insanity. The†¦show more content†¦He knows that logically the only way lure Fortunado into the catacombs successfully is to make him feel safe and then betray him at the last moment. When he lures Fortunado into the catacombs he gives him many opportunities t o get out of it but he does not suspect Montresor of anything so he continues to trust him. There is also a considerable amount of irony in both of the stories. The best example is when they try to convince the audience that they are completely sane and that their actions are justified. The narrator tirelessly attempts to convince whoever he is telling his story to that he is perfectly sane while recounting how he viciously murdered an old man he claimed to love, chopped up his body, and hid him in the floorboards all because he didnt like his vulture eye. While he believes that he is going to persuade his audience that he was in his right mind, all he is doing his backing up the assumption that he is mentally ill and is in no way sane. Montresor does not try as hard to make his listeners believe in his sanity. His victim, Fortunado, as a character is also a good example of irony. His name, which translates to lucky, proves to be extremely ironic when he is the one that ends up bein g killed. He is given many hints by Montresor as to what will happen to him as well as many opportunities to turn back but his ego and competitiveness with his rival Luchresi ends up sealing his fate. He says inShow MoreRelatedExploration of How Males are Presented in Victorian Short Stories733 Words   |  3 PagesCaptain Murderer, Sikes and Nancy and the Great Expectations. In these stories there are three comparable characters that I am going to compare and contrast. These characters are Captain Murderer (from Captain Murderer), Sikes (from Sikes and Nancy) and finally Magwitch (from Great Expectations). Additionally, I will also refer, where possible, to the historical and Victorian context within which they are written. Dickens initially introduces Captain Murderer by sayingRead MoreThe Devil in the White City good vs evil793 Words   |  4 Pagesand loam, this book is about the evanescence of life, and why some men choose to fill their brief allotment of time engaging the impossible, others in the manufacture of sorrow ¨ (pg. xi). Larso shows this conflict of good and evil by comparing the two main characters, Daniel Burnham and Henry H. Holmes. Burnham is the head architect for the World Fair Exposition in Chicago circa 1893, taking on a daunting challenge. In contrast, Holmes is a sly psychopathic physician, who opens a hobbled togetherRead MoreTruman Capote Arguments On Capital Punishment811 Words   |  4 PagesTruman Capote’s Argument on Capital Punishment In Truman Capote’s Novel, In Cold Blood, Capote synthesises the writing techniques of a reporter and an author to tell the horrific and true story of the Clutter family murders. Capote uses comparison, selection of detail, and understatement to pose his argument that capital punishment is not a correct practice. Upon murdering the Clutter family, Perry Smith and Richard â€Å"Dick† Hickock are housed in a jail as they await their trial, which would bestowRead MoreCharacteristics Of Mass Murderers And Serial Killers1019 Words   |  5 PagesMass Murderers and Serial Killers are nothing new to today’s society. These vicious killers are are generally vicious, fierce beasts and have an unusual inclination to murder. The questions that people ask about serial killers and mass murderers are what gives these people the desire to kill? What inspires them to continue murdering? Do these killers get fulfillment from slaughtering? Is there a contrast between mass murderers and serial killers or would people say they are the same? How do theyRead MoreEssay Comparing Two Poems1123 Words   |  5 Pagesand differences between two Ballads, Charlotte Dymond and John Lomas. Charlotte Dymond and John Lomas, are two poems which share several techniques. They also, however are different in many ways. This essay will explore their similarities and their differences and explain reasons why the two ballads are different or similar. For example, both poems have a theme of murder. Ballads normally have a sad or shocking story, so this is very common. In both poems the murderer is always hanged after murderingRead More Capital Punishment Essay: Its Fair and Effective964 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment - Its Fair and Effective   Ã‚  Ã‚   Confronting head-on two of the most prominent objections to the death penalty is the object of this paper: Is the death penalty a miscarriage of justice? And Does it Deter Crime?    Its a miscarraige of justice. In a survey Professors Hugo Adam Bedau and Michael Radelet found that 7000 persons were executed in the United States between 1900 and 1985 and that 35 were innocent of capital crimes (1). Among the innocents they list Sacco andRead MoreComparison Of The Fever Tree And The Waxwork966 Words   |  4 PagesIf you had a wife that was completely dependant on you, would the right choice be to leave her to die in a desert? Is spending a night in a room of murderers, even if they are wax figures, a good idea? The Fever Tree and The Waxwork are intriguing and mysterious stories with many parts of suspense to them. There are two comparisons and two contrasts literary terms that will explain in detail what these are like and what emotions then can bring forward. Irony, foreshadowing, characterization, andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pageswith humanity† (Shakespeare’s Play Themes). The murders in Macbeth and Julius Caesar are both examples of the rotation of the natural order. The killing of King Duncan in Macbeth is a prime example how evil and violence is shown into a comparison into Julius Caesar. Shakespeare uses a â€Å"common theme in all plays that all relates back to reality †(The Killing of King Duncan). Shakespeare also uses the â€Å"literary device of repetition to create a theme† (The Killing of King Duncan). In MacbethRead MoreEssay about Truman Capotes In Cold Blood: Comparison of Book and Movie668 Words   |  3 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Cold Blood is a tragic story of two men, Eugene Hickock and Perry Edward, who murder an entire family in search of money and then find themselves running from the law. While writing the book, Truman Capote used only facts to create a novel out of an actual event. He had thousands of notes on the subject, but his problem was making his book read like a novel. He accomplished this by adding dialogue and describing characters feelings. This technique is used in the film as well whenRead MoreJust Lather, Thats All1312 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison Of Characters From Opposing Groups in â€Å"Just Lather, That’s All† â€Å"Just Lather, That’s All† by Hernando Tellà ©z is a story that reveals the values of a government official and a rebel through an in depth illustration of their thoughts and actions. The barber (rebel) and Captain Torres (government official) are similar because they both value human life whereas they are different because the barber values his occupation and innocence and Captain Torres values the government and his reputation

Black Hole and White Hole free essay sample

Under the theory of quantum mechanics black holes possess a temperature and emit Hawking radiation through slow dissipation by anti-protons. Most black holes are made when a giant star, called a supergiant, at least twenty times bigger than our own Sun dies, and leaves behind a mass that is at least one solar mass. Stars die when they run out of hydrogen or other nuclear fuel to burn and  start  to collaps. A supergiant stars death is called a supernova. Stars are usually in equilibrium, which means they are making enough energy to push their mass outward against the force of gravity. When the star runs out of fuel to make energy, gravity takes over. Gravity pulls the center of the star inward very quickly. A white hole, in general relativity, is a hypothetical region of space time which cannot be entered from the outside, but from which matter and light may escape. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Hole and White Hole or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this sense it is the reverse of a black hole, which can be entered from the outside, but from which nothing, including light, may escape. However, it is theoretically possible for a traveler to enter a rotating black hole, avoid the singularity, and travel into a rotating white hole which allows the traveler to escape into another universe. White holes appear in the theory of eternal black holes. â€Å"In addition to a black hole region in the future, such a solution of the Einstein equations has a white hole region in its past. † However, this region does not exist for black holes that have formed through gravitational collapse, nor are there any known physical processes through which a white hole could be formed. Like black holes, white holes have properties like mass, charge, and angular momentum. † They attract matter like any other mass, but objects falling towards a white hole would never actually reach the white holes event horizon. The white hole event horizon in the past becomes a black hole event horizon in the future, so any object falling towards it will eventually reach the black hole horizon. They are, predicted as a possible other end of a black hole that has a worm hole through space, ut black holes are most likely just a point in space without an other side. A white hole is the theorized time reversal of a black hole. The event horizon of a black hole attracts matter, so event horizon of a white hole ejects matter even though the white hole itself still attracts matter. The main difference between the two is the action of the event horizon. As you can see, this is what a black hole and a white holes are

Model the Me in Leadership Healthcare System

Question: Discuss about the Model the Me in Leadership? Answer: Critical Commentary To me Leadership for healthcare system was an opportunity to accumulate great experience. The practical work, design, and the overall content helped me to understand the concept in a better way. Throughout the work, I learnt about the practical application of the module. This model helped me to enhance the boundary of my knowledge in such a way that I can use this knowledge further in my life in order to build my career as an efficient health care provider. This module was above my expectation. This experience helped me to uncover dynamics and insights, which were beyond my expectation. The experience I gather from this assignment increased my curiosity about the health care profession. The height of learning I received from this work generates motivation for me to gather more knowledge, work more on this topic and become a better person in this profession. From the beginning of the task, I was too much dedicated to learning more about this subject. The level of learning which I rece ived from this module infused enthusiasm within me to learn more, do more and become more. Right from the beginning, I was enthusiastic to put in my best efforts in this module, and consequently, I worked very hard for it. I gave my best effort in this module and worked hard to meet the expectations of my professors. I not only focused on the learning concepts of this assignment but also made sure that I should participate rigorously and dedicatedly in different class activities as well as group projects, which were conducted in the Institute. I emphasized on active participation as I learned that these activities are helpful to develop my leadership skills in the health care system. As per my consent, the course was designed to meet the students need as well as enhancing their utility. I have pondered upon my learning and how this section has contributed towards improvement of leadership qualities by reflecting upon a variety of theories. I have also mentioned regarding the aspects of my personality which I must improve, so that I can create my reputation in the job market. Furthermore, I have also specified what did not go well for me in this module and what I propose to follow in the future. First of all, I discovered that this assignment proved as the finest channel in order to improve my knowledge and develop my characteristics to become eligible in the job market. This module helped me to realize the importance of health care sector in my life and the utmost significance to provide the best service. I found that the health care profession is very dynamic, and health care professionals are designated with extreme imperative accountability to the society as well as to the patients (Swayne, Duncan and Ginter 2012). The module helped me to develop awareness within me and promoted me to be a health care professional. In this scenario, I have to admit that the class activities proved as beneficial to gather pre-experience as a health care professional did. In addition, I also need to admit that the widespread health care system in the United Kingdom astonished me. After going through the course, I believe that the knowledge of leadership I have managed to accumulate from th is opportunity helped me to develop the base of my career, which I want to accomplish in my homeland. According to Trait Theory, certain characteristics which are essential to a person are termed as Central Traits; though, secondary traits are those which are more nonessential in nature. This theory states that traits are comparatively constant over time and can be a source to influence behaviour among individuals. When the professional training is coupled with clinical experience, it helped to establish systematic approaches that engaged to evaluate different situations that could be faced in the healthcare (Berwick and Hackbarth 2012). According to Porter (2010), the central traits could be defined as different characteristic, which is observed as "basic" to an individual. On the other hand, the secondary traits emphasize those characteristics, which are very rare or peripheral. According to this theory, the traits are constant with the time and are found to play a key role to inf luence people. During this assignment, I evaluated myself in order to find out my potentiality as a leader and the qualities or characteristics of a leader. I assessed myself using the "16 personality test" (Edmonstone 2011).The module helped me to discover the leader within me by considering the theories of leadership, these theories focus on the study of specific behaviors of a leader. The behavior of a leader is the best predictor of his influences regarding the leadership and hence as a result is the best determinant of his success as a leader and encouraged me to exercise my leadership style, which is helpful to build my career in a better manner. However, sometimes I felt difficulties in understanding certain theories in leadership. All these experiences did not only harness my strategic capabilities, but also inculcated moral obligations within me. Now, I am fully conscious of my moral and ethical values as a healthcare professional. Communication was an additional platform which was provided by the module, and was assisted through group activities. Group activities are also known to facilitate peer learning and assessment (Boud, Cohen Sampson, 1999, pp.413-426). It gave an opportunity to discuss various academic issues and helped in formation of a relaxed environment, which made learning easier and interesting to grasp. Group-based activities facilitated inter-personal interactions which I believe harnessed my critical thinking abilities. When we were asked to discuss various case studies or to present in a group, many a times I found myself leading the group. This increased my self-confidence as a leader. Also, due to this I was able to discover different management styles practised by others, conflict management, decision-making and teamwork. Lichtenstein (2005, pp.341-356) proposes that groups are like teach communities that can positively affect academic and social outcomes as well as student achievements. The modes of learning organized in the module also fascinated me. I was astonished by the impact they had on me. For example, many a time we were required to engage in practical work where we had to deal with diverse people in changeable situations. The supreme significance connected with practical experience remains unquestionably a foundation venue of learning and must be encouraged (Shi Singh, 2010). Although the course structure was informative, the classroom activities helped me to increase my practical knowledge in this professional field. They provide me a venue in order to explore myself and the leadership skill, which was buried within me. I always tried to observe my friends performance so that I can evaluate my eligibility as well as educate myself. I looked forward to listening to the opinions from my friends and their debates on certain topic, which was helpful to open the new window of ideas so that it can be beneficial for me in future. . Such classroom activities were actually promoting the communicative approach among us and facilitate "joint management" of learning. The classroom activities are also allowed to achieve a fuller comprehension of practical and theoretical aspects of this study (Porter 2010). These activities prepared a base, which helped me to evaluate myself and learn about myself. I found, the Johari window illuminated many things that were beyond m y knowledge previously. I discovered that this self-awareness tool is not only helpful to know myself in a better way but also controlled the motion of my energies towards a positive direction. It has helped me to gain confidence and implement all the procedures to enhance my leadership skill. In this context, I have to accept that the Johari window truly helped me evaluate as well as explain different dimensions of my personality. It has played a vital role in enhancing my overall personality (Currie and Lockett 2011). Another aspect that was illuminated in this module was the emotional experiences, which I was never fully aware of. This module helped me to deal and manage the clinical concept of transference. Transference can be defined as the incidents that take place every day in social interaction. In this process, the generic rules of processing social information are followed. This module taught me how to identify the signs that can trigger as well as direct the transference in order to promote adaptive responding from my patients. This module was helpful to identify the redirection of feelings and emotions towards patients can that result in adverse effects (Slavkin 2010). This was something new to me, and I tried my best to learn self-control to advance my career as a health care professional and discover ways to help the individuals. . I think this module gave us enough insight, information and opportunity which facilitated me to engage in reflective learning. Likewise, another method empl oyed by our tutors whom I admired the most was demonstrating a variety of real life examples and sharing the details with us. I was drawn towards these examples as I felt an association because I knew that these examples represent situations which I would be dealing with, therefore, examples were always every engaging and impelled involvement and concentration. Interaction was the platform that was offered by the module and it was facilitated through group activities. Group activities are found to facilitate assessment as well as peer learning. It provided an opportunity to discuss different academic issues. It is also helped in the formation of relaxed environment that make the learning more interesting and easier to grasp. It is observed that group-based activities enhanced inter-personal interactions that tied together my abilities to think critically (Souza and Pidd 2011). I enjoyed group activities the most, as it gave me chance to learn through my peers and showcase my skills too. Moreover, the role played by my tutors is also noteworthy, without their dedication and constant support; this module would have been incomplete. In most of the cases, when I gave a group presentation or discussed different case studies, I found myself in the position of a leader, who is leading the group. This step helped me to enhance my self-confidence to increase my confidence level as a leader. Besides, I explored different management styles that are practiced by others such as decision-making, conflict management, and teamwork. Many researchers showed groups could be considered as "learning communities" that can have a direct impact on the student's achievement as well as social and academic outcomes (Best et al. 2012). The researchers also proposed that group based activities can enhance internationally achieved and shared cognition (Kakuma et al. 2011). The learning modes showed in the module also captivated me. The experience I gathered from this module was amazing. For instance, our teachers always encouraged us in our practical courses where we were subjected to deal with various people in different situations. The dominant importance, which I found, is associated with practical experience remains a core venue of learning. This learning action was not only extremely insightful but also helped me to develop faster thinking and making right decisions in demanding situations. The module helped me to train myself to be a leader. I think this module helped me to ascertain the leader within me and also gave me plenty of opportunities to implement my leadership. Primarily, there were certain theories which were difficult to comprehend, but I managed to cope up with the pace. This module exercise was helpful in offering me an opportunity to reflect on my knowledge, which I gathered throughout the course. According to the researchers, ref lect is a tool that not only helped the tutors to learn about the depth of the knowledge but also helped them to identify the methodological issues. According to my perception, this module provided me enough opportunity, knowledge and insight that facilitated me to connect with a reflective learning. On the other hand, there was another method, which was implemented by other teachers and what I admired the most is the demonstration of various real life examples. Moreover, tutors shared details about the subject with us, which was very helpful to get an overview of the study. When I looked behind, I found myself satisfied, in fact, overwhelmed with the module structure and the help from the organization. In this module, the significance of the leadership was highlighted. On the other hand, I became eligible to assess myself in a different context. This module helped me to point out not only my strengths but also my weaknesses. This module offered me the opportunity to get significant feedback from my tutors as well as fellow mates, which helped to develop my judgment. Apart from the educational course formation, I consider that classroom activities played a noteworthy role in contributing towards my acquaintance base. They provided a place to explore ones self and also to analyze others in similar situations. I was always enthusiastic to observe how my fellow mates act in response and partake because then I was able to assess and instruct myself. I intend to extend my knowledge and mental horizons and would continue pursuance of medical experiences, so th at whatever I have learnt in this module does not go worthless. I looked forward to learn from my colleagues during class activities because at times, hearing to diverse viewpoint led to opening of novel mental windows. I am pleased to learn the practical application as well as the theoretical frameworks in health care systems. Different issues like leadership style, decision-making and management have significant importance in the setting of modern health care system. These factors are considered as the major factors to maintain the quality care and drive the health care facilities. Most of all I enjoyed the group activities as through group activities which in turn helped me to demonstrate my skills in front of others. This module made me recognize that inappropriate redirection of emotions or feelings towards patients can have adverse effects. This was a new learning for me and I aim to practise self-control in my medical career. In this context, I have to admit that the effort put by my teachers to develop my skills was also note worthy. With out a constant support and complete dedication from my teachers, the module would not touch its mark. The relationship with my tutor was valuable and significant as they were always accessible and always motivated me towards my career. Therefore, I intend to increase the boundary of my knowledge and continue to pursue my success in the chosen career so that I do not let my teachers down or their expectations from me. There are different aspects that I think I could deal with more effectively. At the beginning of this paper, I mentioned that I had many issues regarding the application of different theoretical frameworks. After that, I realize that I need to focus more on the details of the work and the assessment of myself to keep pace with the highly competitive atmosphere. Now I realize that I should maintain it from the beginning my course work. However, now I have realized that I have several weaknesses. To overcome my weaknesses I took help from my mentors and mates. I also read many books to expand my knowledge boundary and update myself about the theories, which were very confusing at the beginning. On the other hand, I also learned to control my demonstration of views and judgments. I came to know that being logically correct is also considered as one of the best qualities of a leader that I need to develop inside me. I understand that having a realistic view can also make me reliable as a future leader. I intend to widen my knowledge and mental horizons and would continue pursuance of medical experiences, so that whatever I have learnt in this module does not go in vain. Overall, I have to admit that I am pleased to state that the experience and learning I have gained from this module and entire course work are momentous nature for me essentially that in turn helped me to advance my career. The knowledge I gathered from this module encouraged me more to gather utmost knowledge in this subject and apply my knowledge in the field work of health care system. The learning outcome of this module not only boosts my knowledge and enhances my professional career but also helped me to increase the overall quality of the healthcare organizations. Overall, I am pleased that I can articulate that the knowledge and experience that I have attained from this module are of significant nature for me essentially as well as for my profession. The information attained from this module has exposed new heights for me to accomplish now. Not only will this learning reinforce my professional career but I believe it is a big opportunity to augment the overall value of health care system. This module has prepared me with the understanding of such management related issues and academic frameworks which I had not known formerly. So apart from increasing my knowledge base, this module has also enhanced my creative thinking skills, management approaches, problem solving and strategic qualities and expertise as a health care professional. Reference: Berwick, D.M. and Hackbarth, A.D., 2012. Eliminating waste in US health care.Jama,307(14), pp.1513-1516. Best, A., Greenhalgh, T., Lewis, S., Saul, J.E., Carroll, S. and Bitz, J., 2012. Largeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ system transformation in health care: a realist review.Milbank Quarterly,90(3), pp.421-456. Currie, G. and Lockett, A., 2011. Distributing leadership in health and social care: concertive, conjoint or collective?.International Journal of Management Reviews,13(3), pp.286-300. de Souza, L.B. and Pidd, M., 2011. Exploring the barriers to lean health care implementation.Public Money Management,31(1), pp.59-66. Edmonstone, J., 2011. Developing leaders and leadership in health care: a case for rebalancing?.Leadership in Health Services,24(1), pp.8-18. Kakuma, R., Minas, H., van Ginneken, N., Dal Poz, M.R., Desiraju, K., Morris, J.E., Saxena, S. and Scheffler, R.M., 2011. Human resources for mental health care: current situation and strategies for action.The Lancet,378(9803), pp.1654-1663. Porter, M.E., 2010. What is value in health care?.New England Journal of Medicine,363(26), pp.2477-2481. Porter-O'Grady, T. and Malloch, K., 2011.Quantum leadership: Advancing innovation, transforming health care. Burlington, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Slavkin, H.C., 2010. Leadership for health care in the 21st century: a personal perspective.J Healthcare Leadership,2, pp.35-41. Swayne, L.E., Duncan, W.J. and Ginter, P.M., 2012.Strategic management of health care organizations. John Wiley Sons.

Brechtian Techniques Used in Drama Essay Example

Brechtian Techniques Used in Drama Paper How I have used Brecht techniques and style in my performance. In my performance, my group and I have used an array of Brechtian techniques and styles to create a stylised and tasteful performance. Some of these techniques are necessary for a Brechtian piece, such as the use of gestus, play building and alienation. Some other Brechtian techniques such as the use of spazz, songs/music, montage and placards help create a greater meaning in the performance. When my group and I started our performance, we first had to come up with a strong and clear gestus. We did this by looking in the newspaper – we found many articles about young people inflicting harm on each other and juveniles involved in serious crimes. This topic struck us as a current issue that we could relate to and that we understood. We discussed this further until we all agreed that we would create a play built performance based upon how society has created the monster that is generation Y. We used this as motivation for all the other scenes or episodes that would be supporting our gestus. The play building process has been severely vital in the construction of our performance. We will write a custom essay sample on Brechtian Techniques Used in Drama specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Brechtian Techniques Used in Drama specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Brechtian Techniques Used in Drama specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As we improvised each idea, it was a process of trial and error to see which episodes would be included into the performance. Improvisation played a big part in the play building process because a lot of our best ideas have come from acting on impulse, and have steered us into new, sophisticated directions. Each scene we develop, the group had to take the technique of alienation into great consideration. It is so easy to forget this factor, which is absolutely vital in a Brechtian performance. After we finished or developed a scene, we all discussed how we could make the audience feel more alienated. An example of this is in our first scene when the scientist is directly addressing and talking to the audience. It makes each audience remember that they are watching a performance and it ensures that they don’t get caught up in the characters or that specific scene. This is important because the audience has to look at the bigger picture instead of getting attached to the story. To reinforce our gestus and help the audience clearly understand what we are saying, each actor in our group is wearing a nametag, such as â€Å"GEN X† or â€Å"SOCIETY†, so the audience understands our symbolism without having to think too much about it. We also are using placards for each scene to outline what we are trying to say in each episode. By getting a member of the group to change the placard, this also alienates the audience by breaking down the â€Å"4th wall†. A significant technique we have used is spazz. By displaying a scene, which is serious, and then suddenly breaking out into comical movement and dialogue, this breaks the serious moment and also helps in breaking the 4th wall. Songs and music go well with spazz. In one of our scenes, the scientist is talking to the audience about serious matters with the generations, and then each generation breaks into a comical satire song, mocking The Brady Bunch. We have combined spazz and music for this to create a fast paced performance. It is important not to have a slow and clunky performance otherwise the audience could get bored and confused about the gestus. To avoid a possibly slow performance, we have used montage. Montage also adds to making it a fast paced performance and also makes the audience think about what is being said. We contrast different war images from different wars against each other. We made sure that these images were very clear so the audience would not have try and understand what we are saying. To assist this, we are using projection and projecting the image behind us. Brecht used placards in his performances; in a way projection is a modern version of placards. It will assist us a great deal in our performance and will engage the audience. Brecht techniques have helped myself and my group in preparing and performing our piece. By using these techniques, it has assisted us in searching for a deeper meaning when creating a performance and made us think about how we can use drama to get a message across to the audience.

Biography of Georges Braque, Pioneer Cubist Painter

Biography of Georges Braque, Pioneer Cubist Painter Georges Braque (May 13, 1882 - August 31, 1963) was a French artist best known for his cubist paintings and the development of collage techniques. He worked closely with Pablo Picasso as they broke down traditional rules of the use of perspective in painting. Fast Facts: Georges Braque Occupation: Painter and collage artistBorn: May 13, 1882 in Argenteuil, FranceDied: August 31, 1963 in Paris, FranceSelected Works: Houses at lEstaque (1908), Bottle and Fishes (1912), Violin and Pipe (1913)Notable Quote: Truth exists; only lies are invented. Early Life and Training Growing up in the port city of Le Havre, France, young Georges Braque trained to be a house painter and decorator like his father and grandfather. In addition to working on his vocation, Braque studied in the evenings at Le Havres Ecole des Beaux-Arts as a teenager. After apprenticing with a decorator, he earned a certificate to practice the craft in 1902. In 1903, Braque enrolled in the Academie Humbert in Paris. He painted there for two years and met avant-garde painters Marie Laurencin and Francis Picabia. The earliest Braque paintings are in the classic impressionist style. That changed in 1905 when he began to associate with Henri Matisse. Public domain Fauvist Matisse was at the forefront of the group of painters known as the Fauves (beasts in English). They are noted for the use of vibrant colors and simpler lines designed to make a bold, emotional statement to the viewer. Georges Braques first exhibit of his Fauvist paintings took place at the Salon des Independants show Paris in 1907. Braques Fauvist works are slightly more subdued in color than those of some of the other leaders of the style. He worked closely with Raoul Dufy and fellow Le Havre artist Othon Friesz. After viewing a massive retrospective show of the work of Paul Cezanne in Paris in late 1907, Braques work began to shift again. He also visited Pablo Picassos studio for the first time in 1907 to view the legendary painting Les Demoiselles dAvignon. The association with Picasso had a powerful impact on Braques evolving technique. The Olive Tree Near lEstaque (1906). Public domain Work With Pablo Picasso Georges Braque began to work closely with Picasso as they both developed a new style that was soon dubbed cubism. Many researchers dispute the specific origins of the term, but while organizing a salon show in 1908, Matisse reportedly said Braque has just sent in a painting made of little cubes. Picasso and Braque were not the only artists developing the new approach to painting, but they were the most prominent. Both artists exhibited influences of Paul Cezannes experiments with painting objects from multiple perspectives. While some believed that Picasso led the way and Braque merely followed in his wake, a close examination by art historians has revealed that Picasso focused on the animation of objects while Braque explored a more contemplative approach. In 1911, Braque and Picasso spent the summer together in the French Pyrenees mountains painting side by side. They produced works that are virtually impossible to distinguish from each other in terms of style. In 1912, they expanded their approach to include collage techniques. Braque invented what came to be known as papier colle, or paper cutouts, a method of incorporating paper with paint to create the collage. Braques piece Violin and Pipe (1913) illustrates how the pieces of paper allowed him to literally take the shapes present in the objects apart and rearrange them to create art. Man with a Guitar (1911). Corbis Historical / Getty Images The extended collaboration came to an end in 1914 when Georges Braque enlisted in the French Army to fight in World War I. He suffered a severe head injury in May 1915 in the battle at Carency. Braque experienced temporary blindness and required a long period of recuperating. He did not begin painting again until late 1916. Cubist Style The style of cubism is an expansion of the experiments by painter Paul Cezanne in depicting three-dimensional form on a two-dimensional canvas. Cezanne died in 1906, and, following significant retrospectives of his work in 1907, Pablo Picasso painted Les Demoiselles dAvignon, a piece that many believe is an example of proto-Cubism. At the same time as Picasso exhibited his new style through abstracted images of people, Braque was at work on extending Cezannes vision of landscapes with reductive, geometric forms. Soon, the pair became leaders of a new style of painting that attempted to represent multiple viewpoints on an object or person simultaneously. Some observers likened the works to a diagram of how the objects worked and moved in real life. Gjon Mili / Getty Images In the period between 1909 and 1912, Braque and Picasso focused on a style now known as analytic cubism. They painted mostly in neutral colors like brown and beige while taking apart objects and analyzing their shapes on the canvas. It is difficult to tell the work of the two artists apart in this period. One of Braques key works during this time is Bottle and Fishes (1912). He broke the object into so many discreet shapes that the whole became nearly unrecognizable. Cubists challenged the conventional view of perspective in painting that ruled the establishment since the Renaissance. It was perhaps the most important legacy of Braques art. Breaking down the rigid notion of perspective paved the way for multiple developments in the painting of the 20th century that ultimately led to pure abstraction. Later Work After he began painting again in 1916, Georges Braque worked alone. He began to develop a more idiosyncratic style that included brighter colors while relaxing the harsh nature of his earlier cubist work. He became close friends with Spanish artist Juan Gris. New subject matter entered Braques work in the 1930s. He began to focus on Greek heroes and gods. He explained that he wanted to show them in a pure form stripped of symbolic gestures. The bright colors and emotional intensity of these paintings depict the emotional anxiety felt by Europeans as a second world war approached. Painter and Model (1939). Corbis Historical / Getty Images After World War II, Braque painted ordinary objects like flowers and garden chairs. He created his final series of eight works between 1948 and 1955. They were all titled Atelier, the French word for the studio. At the time Georges Braque died in 1963, many considered him one of the fathers of modern art. Legacy While his painting ranged across multiple styles during his lifetime, Georges Braque is primarily remembered for his cubist work. His focus on still life and landscapes influenced later artists who returned to the traditional subject matter. Braques most distinctive legacy is his development of collage techniques involving cut paper that he focused on for only a few short years of his career. Source Danchev, Alex. Georges Braque: A Life. Arcade, 2012.

The Short-Run and of the Macro Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Short-Run and of the Macro Economy - Essay Example As the study outlines Keynesian theory gives focus on immediate outcomes in the economic theory and will focus on short term policies set by the government and how they can be used to improve the economy. The Keynesian theory is built on the belief that the government will be responsible for the economy and will lay down policies that will put the economy in a favorable state. These will include policies such as monetary and fiscal policies, which are used to regulate the economy. The neoclassical theory is based on a free market hence the forces of demand and supply shape the economy. A change in quantity demanded is generally the increase or decrease in demand that is brought about by a change in price of the product which results to a change in quantity demanded. This implies that the change in the quantity demanded will be altered only because of a change in price whereas shift in demand is caused by other factors other than price. Change in quantity demand involves a movement al ong the demand curve.

Gone With The Wind Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gone With The Wind - Research Paper Example As such, parody on its own or with the inclusion of satire does not attract infringement while a satire that stands alone attracts infringement of the copyright law. This brings the issue of fair use as demonstrated by several infringement battles such as in the case of Colting’s 60 Years Later novel and Suntrust Bank v Houghton Mifflin. Fair use sets a legal ground that permits commercial and creative decisions regarding rewrites. This leads to more cultural products making our culture richer, but also poses the big challenge of determining what qualifies as fair use and what does not. Thampapillai, Dilan. The Novel as a Social Satire: 60 Years Later, the Wind Done Gone and the Limitations of Fair Use. Deakin Law Review (2012): 427-452.Print. In The Novel as a Social Satire: 60 Years Later, The Wind Done Gone and the Limitations of Fair Use, the author, Dilan Thampapillai, evaluate the doctrine of fair use and its application in the society. He also explores the difference be tween fair use in Australian Copyright law and the American Copyright law in order to give an insight into the distinction between satire and parody. Furthermore, Dilan evaluates application of fair use with reference to the case of 60 Years Later and the rewrite of Gone With The Wind. Dilan Thampapillai currently works as a lecturer at the Deakin University School of Law. Prior to this, Dilan worked at the Australian Government Solicitor and Attorney-General’s Department as a lawyer. Evidently, he has a good background in the area of law giving credibility to his work. In addition, Dilan specializes in topics such as free speech, intellectual property, and public law. Dilan currently studies PhD at Melbourne University, holds a Master in Laws and a Bachelor of Laws from Cornell University and Australian National University respectively. Furthermore, the article is recent, published in 2012, thus, has up to date information about fair use. I will use the information in this a rticle to get an insight into the issue of fair use and infringement of Copyright issues. I will use the information from this article to evaluate the circumstances that a rewrite qualifies as fair use, and the circumstances under which it does not, that is, qualifies as infringement. Thus, this article will help me to understand better the concepts of parody and satire, and how they apply in Copyright issues. Dilan Thampapillai writes, â€Å"What must be accepted then is that both parody and satire are exercises in free speech and the fact that they warrant a free use exception in copyright law suggests that the statutory monopoly that is copyright needs to be reconciled with democratic values† (429). Beebe, Barton. An Empirical Study of US Copyright Fair Use Opinions, 1978-2005. University of Philadelphia Law Review (2008): 582-586. Print. In An Empirical Study of US Copyright Fair Use Opinions, the author, Beebe Barton discusses several opinions that argue for fair use. Ba rton refers to the four conditions in the US Copyright Act that fair use is dependent on. These are character and purpose of use, nature of the work copyrighted, sustainability and amount, and effect on the market. Beebe Barton is an intellectual law expert and a lecturer of the same at the New York University of Law. Beebe has J.D. from Yale school of Law attained in 2001, PhD from Princeton University and B.A. in Masters from the University of Chicago. In addition, Beebe is well vast in the topic of intellectual law, infringement, and

The global issues of healthcare management Research Paper

The global issues of healthcare management - Research Paper Example The advent of new client technology is bringing in even more issues or reintroducing older ones to the fore. This disruptive technology enhances better patient power. The most supple and advanced health economies have the change to revolutionize the manner in which care is delivered, and in doing this, in order to change their societies (Hall, 2011). This article outlines issues that face the global healthcare management, as well as some of the trends that scholars think greatly impact healthcare for the better or maybe worse. Among the global challenges that affect healthcare include: (1) rising costs, (2) changing demographics, (3) filling the resource gap, (4) easy access, (5) focus on quality and (6) becoming customer-driven. Spending on healthcare basically invariably increases faster compared to GDP. Its growth rate has surpassed that of GDP ever since national record keeping started. In addition, economic recession and spending closely related (Kongstvedt, 2013). Experts claim that we can see the growth rate of healthcare spending in continents such as Europe and Asia outshine the GDP growth considerable during these financially challenging times. Macroeconomic aspects such as aging populaces or inadequate public funding among others are challenging both providers and receivers or healthcare (Kongstvedt, 2013). Penetration and adoption rates of clinical information systems differ greatly. In reality, the number, as well as size of buyers, differs from nation to nation, plus it is not vitally reliant on the size of the nation, but instead on the healthcare system structure. In addition, people’s purchasing behavior is changing towards a more coordinated and joint purchasing from what researchers have seen in the past (Kongstvedt, 2013). There is rising demand on the healthcare delivery institutions, and this is occurring in every nations. Peoples’ immortality rates have increased all

Impact of the Digital Age

Impact of the Digital Age INTRODUCTION The digital age refers to present time use of machines and computers to present information. The digital age had an overall impact on our societies and day to day activities. It has a lot of advantages and disadvantages i.e. it came with so many opportunities as well as costs. We are living in the age in which professionals in digital technologies are trying to push their boundaries on becoming more advanced in technology even beyond our imagination. Digital world has given a new explanation to technology which is now used as a mode of expression, interactions, entertainments, learning etc. Most of us knew that there will be a stage in life where digital devices will be the most important part of human beings. Let’s take ourselves as an example here; we use smart phones, ipads, laptops etc. Devices that we carry with us whenever we go to the toilet, but the most important question here iscan we survive without these devices in our possession or pockets? The answer will most definitely be â€Å"no† for most of us depend so much on these devices in our daily life or activities. As we know that we are living in the digital world and these devices have changed completely the way human beings have lived before, due to the simplicity of using digital devices from texting, sending/receiving pictures/music/, making video calls and other hundreds of functions that digital devices have. These devices have even made us to be able to perform multiple tasks as soon as we hold them in our hands, we might read a message, listen to music, talking to someone, checking Facebook accounts etc. But how do we divide our attention from these tasks? We as humans may not perform multitasking accurately like how computers do, as we lack the ability to monitor multiple tasks at the same time but yet we can give individual attention to each task. The essential thing to humans on these digital devices is their memory, which has extended extremely fast and efficiently. We use this memory part of the digital devices from storing very critical secrets, important business documents, pictures etc. Not only due to its faithfulness but also the ability to maintaining the stored information for a very long time as long as we keep them in our machines and nobody can access them without our permission. Professionals in memory engineering have managed to make our lives easier by creating and improving the digital memory that we use. Instead of saving information in our heads/papers we just save them in our digital devices and carry the saved information with us wherever we go to and we do not even worry about them once they are stored. THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL AGE ON THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND POLITICAL LIFE OF SOCIETIES TODAY. SOCIALLY Digital age has impacted the social life of societies hugely. In the past, most of our social interactions were private and undocumented. That is increasingly not the case with the advent of digital age. When we interact with each other through the internet, we leave digital records behind. Companies like Facebook and Twitter have huge databases full of all kinds of information about our social behaviours. Let’s think of the days where there were no online messengers, no emails, and no cell phones. Indeed cellular technology made it possible for us to communicate over wireless media. Web communication facilities have worked wonders in speeding long-distance communication. Today we can reach and keep in touch with our family and friendseven our enemies, with the help of social networks like bbm, facebook, twitter, skype etc.On the other hand, they have deprived mankind of the warmth of personal contact. Emails replaced handwritten letters and communication lost its personal tou ch. With the means of communication so easily accessible, that magic in waiting to reach someone and the excitement that followed has vanished. Also, the internet has bred many unethical practises, like hacking, spamming etc. Internet crime is on the rise. The internet being an open platform lacks regulation. There is no regulation on the content displayed on websites. Internet gambling has become an addiction for so many, access to pornographic sights and inappropriate information is made accessible to children. Overexposure to the internet has taken its toll. Children are spending all their time playing online and less or almost no time on the ground. Youngsters are spending most of their time social networking, missing on the joys of real social life. ECONOMICALLY Economically, the digital age has also helped a whole lot. Industrial revolution is one of the impacts of digital age in the economic life of societies today because the use of new technologies and inventions of machines helps towards increasing production of goods and services and also delivering those goods to the appropriate place when needed. Also, without the world wide web(www) for example, globalization and outsourcing would not be nearly as feasible as they are today. The digital revolution radically changed the way individuals and companies interact. Small regional companies were suddenly given access to much larger markets. Concepts such as on-demand services, manufacturing and rapidly dropping technology costs, made possible innovations in all aspects of industry and everyday life. POLITICALLY Going deep into the impact of digital age on the political life of the society, another considerable impact to look on is during the election period today, people do come out of their houses to vote for the beloved candidate, individuals were given the right to vote for whom they wish to be their leader and at any period. A well educated individual with the necessary requirement that will qualify him to stand as a candidate during an election can do so. Today, you can now write an article, letter or even through computers that are all over which will enable you to go online, search for one of your leaders and have a mutual conversation with him/her about the political problems that rises all the time, the issue of corruption among the leaders, misuse of public funds etc and the best way to tackle all these problems. People could get things that were previously not available to common people, and the standard of living could go up. Conclusion We integrate through digital age, nature and quality of interactions. We have with everything around us given full control to utilize the digital world as human begins. We share a lot of information with one another via digital world (pictures, own and family histories, feelings etc) and yet we have managed to accept the uniqueness of one another in the digital world. We even share invitations for private parties, birthdays and other events through facebook instead of calling friends or sending invitation cards, and people whom we invite respond to those invitations saying if they can come to the invited event or not and even sending their best wishes. Well maybe we should ask ourselves are we safe in this digital surrounding (social media etc), do we have enough knowledge about the dangers of digital age? What about our own privacy and the information we share? We might be aware that sharing information via social media might even ruin someone’s carrier, relationship or even our social status. Being aware of the dangers of the digital world and learning about our own privacy will make us take control of the information we share about ourselves since technology has been and will always play a key role in our society. The impact of technology on our society is deep. It is both positive and negative. Technology has largely influenced every aspect of living. It has made life easy, but so easy that it may lose its charm on day. One can cherish an accomplishment only if it comes after effort. But everything has become so easily available due to technology that it has lost its value. There is a certain kind of enjoyment in achieving things after striving for them. But with everything a few clicks away, there is no striving, there’s only striking. With the developments in technology, we may be able to enjoy all the pricey luxuries in life but at the cost of losing its priceless joys.

Transportation :: essays research papers

Transportation is movement of people and goods from one location to another. Throughout history, the economic wealth and military power of a people or a nation have been closely tied to efficient methods of transportation. Transportation provides access to natural resources and promotes trade, allowing a nation to accumulate wealth and power. Transportation also allows the movement of soldiers, equipment, and supplies so that a nation can wage war. Transportation systems and the routes they use have greatly influenced both how and where people live. Reliable transportation allows a population to expand throughout a country's territory and to live comfortably in remote areas far from factories and farms. The growth and expansion of the United States were directly related to the means of transportation available at the time. The more compact cities of the U.S. eastern seaboard are the result of early human- and animal-based transportation systems that allowed only short trips. The more sprawling cities of the western United States are the result of an automobile-based transportation system that permits much longer travel distances. Transportation is vital to a nation's economy. Reducing the costs of transporting natural resources to production sites and moving finished goods to markets is one of the key factors in economic competition. The transportation industry is the largest industry in the world. It includes the manufacture and distribution of vehicles, the production and distribution of fuel, and the provision of transportation services. In the 1990s, approximately 11 percent of the U.S. gross domestic product and an estimated 10 percent of all jobs in the United States were related to the transportation industry. The same transportation systems that link a nation can also be used in the nation's war efforts. The rapid movement of troops, equipment, and supplies can be a deciding factor in winning a battle or a war. Transportation is usually classified by the medium in which the movement occurs, such as by land, air, water, or pipeline. Within each of the first three media, many different methods are used to move people and goods from place to place. Pipelines are used mainly to transport liquids or gases over long distances. Land transportation is the dominant form of transportation in the world. People can move about land under their own power, either by walking or by other forms of human-powered transportation such as the bicycle. People also use domestic animals as a means of transportation, both for riding and for pulling wheeled wagons or carts.

Marijuana Impairments a Qualitative Study

Marijuana Impairments a Qualitative Study The term that knowledge is power only stands correct if your information is reliable and correct. Therefore, only some information is power, for not all information is reliable. The information we receive substantiates our belief system, and the decisions we make and how we understand the world around us. If that information is tainted by receiving misinformation/inaccuracies, such as information handed down through myths, folklore, and others’ misconceived ideals, then this information is dis-empowering to us and could be harmful to our creditability (Harris, 2010).This qualitative study is on the effects of Marijuana, and how it impairs function and inhibits motor skills. The purpose of a qualitative study is to gain knowledge from a particular social situation, event, role, group, or interaction (Creswell, 2009 p. 194). Therefore, it is an investigative process where the researcher gradually derives a conclusion from a social phenom enon by contrasting, comparing, recreating, cataloging and classifying the object of a study (Creswell, 2009, p. 194).According to Creswell (2009), in order to accomplish a qualitative study one must immerse themselves into the everyday activities of the topic/setting of the informants’ environment through continual interaction, and pursue the informants’ views and interpretations (p. 194). Qualitative research is the attempt to reconstruct the subjects’ real-world experiences. The study by Ramaekers, Kauert, Ruitenbeek, Theunssen, Schneider, and Moeller (2006) indicates that high-potency marijuana was shown to consistently impair executive function as assessed in the Tower of London (TOL) task (p. 298). In the original version of TOL, it consists of three colored balls, which must be arranged on three sticks to match the target configuration on a picture while only one ball can be moved at a time (p. 2298). The current version is computer generated images compr ised of the start and finish arrangements of balls. Every time a ball is moved counts as one step. The subject decides as quickly as possible, whether the end arrangement can be accomplished in 2, 3, 4, or 5 steps from the beginning arrangement by pushing the corresponding number coded button (Ramaekers, et al. 2006, p. 2298). The use of nine separate versions of this test were assessed and objectively reviewed. The TOL test found the executive function and planning abilities of the subjects under the influence of a high dosage of THC had their cognitive functions impaired and measured the degree of this impairment (Ramaekers, et al. , 2006). In conclusion, participants that smoked marijuana with a high THC content illustrated a consistent impairment of executive function when undergoing the TOL.The motor functions were also impaired through a decrease in the ability to track the objects when it came to â€Å"critical tracking task† (Ramaekers, et al. , 2006), along with a si gnificant decline in motor response, with impairments continuing for a period up to six hours after smoking a high level THC 500 mg/kg marijuana joint (Ramaekers, et al. , 2006, p. 2302). The study did not include subjects that were heavy daily users of marijuana in order to prevent tainting the results of this test through residual impairment by the THC already in the systems of those individuals (Ramaekers, et al. 2006). References Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Harris. R. (2010). Evaluating internet research sources. Virtual Salt. Retrieved January 1, 2012,  2011, from http://www. virtualsalt. com/evalu8it. htm. http://pewresearch. org. Ramaekers, J. G. , Kauert2, G. , van Ruitenbeek, P. , Theunissen, E. L. , Schneider, E. , & Moeller, M. R. (2006). High-potency Marijuana impairs executive function and inhibitory motor control. Neuropsychopharmacology, 31, 2296–2303

Rambling and Run On Sentences

Rambling and Run On Sentences Rambling or run-on sentences are sentences that contain several independent clauses in a row, to the point that they sound clumsy and exhausting. In case you need to review, an independent clause is a phrase that could be a whole sentence on its own: I like eggs for breakfast.My sister prefers pancakes. Each of the phrases above can stand as a sentence on its own, but if you wrote them (and others) this way in an essay, the overall message would sound choppy. I like eggs for breakfast. But my sister prefers pancakes. So our mom makes both. And we can each have what we want. To keep our writing from sounding too choppy, we can connect sentences to become two or more independent clauses in a single sentence. These are correctly connected by a coordinating conjunction. I like eggs for breakfast, but my sister prefers pancakes. Our mom makes both, so we can each have what we want. See how that sounds better? They do sound better, but we have to be careful not to overdo it! We cant put too many independent clauses in one sentence, or we have our run-ons or our rambling sentences. Tip You can remember the coordinating conjunctions by memorizing the word FANBOYS.F forA andN norB butO orY yetS so Rambling Sentences A rambling sentence may appear to follow the technical rules of grammar in places, but the sentence just sounds wrong because the thought rambles from one topic to another. The passage below is a single sentence that contains many independent clauses: I was happy to walk down the aisle as a bridesmaid in my sister’s wedding, but I was very embarrassed when I stumbled in the middle of the ceremony, for when I recovered, I looked up and saw my sister and I thought she was going to faint, because I could see her standing in the doorway waiting to begin her own walk down the aisle, and her face was all white, she looked like she was going to throw up. Much of this looks correct  because the various clauses are connected correctly (except one comma splice). Don’t hesitate to break up sentences that ramble: I was happy to walk down the aisle as a bridesmaid in my sister’s wedding. However, I was very embarrassed when I stumbled in the middle of the ceremony, especially when I recovered. I looked up and saw my sister and I thought she was going to faint. I could see her standing in the doorway, waiting to begin her own walk down the aisle. Her face was all white and she looked like she was going to throw up! Run-On Sentences In a run-on sentence, the clauses are not properly connected with correct punctuation  or coordinating conjunction.   Problem: Every time I go to the grocery store I run into the same girl her name is Fran and she is a friend of my cousin.Solution 1: Every time I go to the grocery store, I run into the same girl; her name is Fran, and she is a friend of my cousin.Solution 2: Every time I go to the grocery store, I run into the same girl. Her name is Fran, and she is a friend of my cousin. See how the solutions improve the sentence? Problem: I try not to use pens that tend to leak Ive lost a few backpacks because of leaky pens.Solution 1: I  try not to use pens that tend to leak. Ive lost a few backpacks because of leaky pens.Solution 2: I  try not to use pens that tend to leak, yet Ive lost a few backpacks because of leaky pens.

Battle of Makin in World War II

Battle of Makin in World War II The Battle of Makin was fought November 20-24, 1943, during World War II (1939-1945). With the end of the fighting on Guadalcanal, Allied forces began planning for a march across the Pacific. Selecting the Gilbert Islands as the first target, planning moved forward for landings on several islands including Tarawa and Makin Atoll. Moving forward in November 1943, American troops landed on the island and succeeded in overwhelming the Japanese garrison. Though the landing force sustained relatively light casualties, the cost of taking Makin increased when the escort carrier USS Liscome Bay was torpedoed and lost with 644 of its crew. Background On December 10, 1941, three days after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese forces occupied Makin Atoll in the Gilbert Islands. Meeting no resistance, they secured the atoll and commenced construction of a seaplane base on the main island of Butaritari. Due to its location, Makin was well positioned for such an installation as it would extend Japanese reconnaissance abilities closer to American-held islands. Construction progressed over the next nine months and Makins small garrison remained largely ignored by Allied forces. This changed on August 17, 1942, when the Butaritari came under attack from Colonel Evans Carlsons 2nd Marine Raider Battalion (Map). Landing from two submarines, Carlsons 211-man force killed 83 of Makins garrison and destroyed the islands installations before withdrawing. In the wake of the attack, the Japanese leadership made moves to reinforce the Gilbert Islands. This saw the arrival on Makin of a company from the 5th Special Base Force and the construction of more formidable defenses. Overseen by Lieutenant (j.g.) Seizo Ishikawa, the garrison numbered around 800 men of which about half were combat personnel. Working through the next two months, the seaplane base was completed as were anti-tank ditches towards the eastern and western ends of Butaritari. Within the perimeter defined by the ditches, numerous strong points were established and coastal defense guns mounted (Map). Allied Planning Having won the Battle of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands, the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz desired to make a thrust into the central Pacific. Lacking the resources to strike directly at the Marshall Islands in the heart of the Japanese defenses, he instead began making plans for attacks in the Gilberts. These would be the opening steps of an island hopping strategy to advance towards Japan. Another advantage of campaigning in the Gilberts was the islands were within range of U.S. Army Air Forces B-24 Liberators based in the Ellice Islands. On July 20, plans for invasions of Tarawa, Abemama, and Nauru were approved under the code name Operation Galvanic (Map). As planning for the campaign moved forward, Major General Ralph C. Smiths 27th Infantry Division received orders to prepare for the invasion of Nauru. In September, these orders were changed as Nimitz grew concerned about being able to provide the needed naval and air support at Nauru. As such, the 27ths objective was changed to Makin. To take the atoll, Smith planned two sets of landings on Butaritari. The first waves would land at Red Beach on the islands western end with the hope of drawing the garrison in that direction. This effort would be followed a short time later by landings at Yellow Beach to the east. It was Smiths plan that the Yellow Beach forces could destroy the Japanese by attacking their rear (Map). Battle of Makin Conflict: World War II (1939-1945)Dates: November 20-23, 1943Forces Commanders:AlliesMajor General Ralph C. SmithRear Admiral Richmond K. Turner6,470 menJapaneseLieutenant (j.g.) Seizo Ishikawa400 soldiers, 400 Korean laborersCasualties:Japanese: approx. 395 killedAllies: 66 killed, 185 wounded/injured Allied Forces Arrive Departing Pearl Harbor on November 10, Smiths division was carried on the attack transports USS Neville, USS Leonard Wood, USS Calvert, USS Pierce, and USS Alcyone. These sailed as part of Rear Admiral Richmond K. Turners Task Force 52 which included the escort carriers USS Coral Sea, USS Liscome Bay, and USS Corregidor. Three days later, USAAF B-24s commenced attacks on Makin flying from bases in the Ellice Islands. As Turners task force arrived in the area, the bombers were joined by FM-1 Wildcats, SBD Dauntlesses, and TBF Avengers flying from the carriers. At 8:30 AM on November 20, Smiths men commenced their landings on Red Beach with forces centered on the 165th Infantry Regiment. M3 Stuart light tanks on Makin, November, 1943. US Army Fighting for the Island Meeting little resistance, American troops quickly pressed inland. Though encountering a few snipers, these efforts failed to draw Ishikawas men from their defenses as planned. Approximately two hours later, the first troops approached Yellow Beach and soon came under fire from Japanese forces. While some came ashore without issue, other landing craft grounded offshore forcing their occupants to wade 250 yards to reach the beach. Led by the 165ths 2nd Battalion and supported by M3 Stuart light tanks from the 193rd Tank Battalion, the Yellow Beach forces began engaging the islands defenders. Unwilling to emerge from their defenses, the Japanese forced Smiths men to systematically reduce the islands strong points one by one over the next two days. USS Liscome Bay (CVE-56), September 1943. Public Domain Aftermath On the morning of November 23, Smith reported that Makin had been cleared and secured. In the fighting, his ground forces sustained 66 killed and 185 wounded/injured while inflicting around 395 killed on the Japanese. A relatively smooth operation, the invasion of Makin proved far less costly than the battle on Tarawa which occurred over the same time span. The victory at Makin lost a bit of its luster on November 24 when Liscome Bay was torpedoed by I-175. Striking a supply of bombs, the torpedo caused the ship to explode and killed 644 sailors. These deaths, plus casualties from a turret fire on USS Mississippi (BB-41), caused U.S. Navy losses to total 697 killed and 291 wounded.

Rhetoric Essay Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rhetoric Assignment - Essay Example Chapman’s immediate purpose appears to be to delight Americans living in Chicago about crimes in the city and how they can be reduced. He acknowledges the significant reduction of crimes in the city in recent years but still feels the rates are high compared with other cities in the country. Chapman wants some underlying issues such as poverty and racial segregation that contribute to crime to be addressed. He also wants the number of police to be increased so that they can tackle crime efficiently. Chapman effectively fits his message to the circumstance, times and audience. The message fulfills his intentions of creating awareness and fighting crime in Chicago. The initial setting of the article is a column for Chicago Tribune and Creators Syndicate. The immediate community and content of the article are the present high rates of violent crimes in Chicago, which Chapman argues that they have reduced in comparison with the past. According to Chapman, some Chicagoans, especial ly the ones from crime-prone neighborhoods, may not be aware of the large reduction of murders in the city. In the article, Chapman argues that the security has improved in Chicago City in general, but some areas still experience high rates of crime. Chapman uses figurative language such as hyperboles, metaphors, and personification in his article. He seeks to address the misconceptions of homicides and other crimes in the city. His immediate purpose is to inform Chicago residents about crimes in the city and how they can be reduced.

Care of Toddlers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Care of Toddlers - Essay Example It accounts for significant morbidity and mortality, especially in those with underlying cardiac or pulmonary disease. The etiologic agent is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), an RNA virus whose growth appears to be primarily in the respiratory tract epithelium. Other viruses, such as influenza virus, adenovirus, and parainfluenza virus, can produce similar clinical states. Almost all children have been infected by RSV by the age of 3 years. The peak rate of hospitalization occurs at before 6 months of age. Both the diseases affect children below 1 year. In this paper, we have made a study of two toddlers, one affected by acute Epiglottitis and the other by acute Bronchiolitis both under the age of 6, for the similarities in their symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment and care requirements. Epiglottitis is an acute swelling of the glottic structures caused by bacterial infection. It is a true medical emergency and requires rapid, accurate diagnosis and treatment to avoid airway obstruction. Epiglottitis involves infection of the supraglottic structures, usually with Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB). On rare occasions other pathogens are involved, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, -hemolytic streptococcus, and H. influenzae type a. Epiglottitis is has virtually disappeared in North America as a result of widespread immunization. The disease may rarely be caused by group A streptococci. Epiglottitis occurs throughout the year but is more common in the winter months. Eighty percent of infected children are younger than 5 years of age, with the peak incidence between 2 and 6 years of age. Since the institution of the HIB vaccine, the incidence appears to be declining, and epiglottitis currently accounts for only 1 to 10 of every 10,000 pediatric admissions. Older children may be affected by supraglottitis that is more indolent and is caused by group A streptococcus. There may be genetic and immunogenic factors which predispose individuals to invasive HIB disease. On the other hand, Bronchiolitis is an inflammation of the small airways that results in expiratory obstruction and wheezing. The term "bronchiolitis" is usually applied to an illness of young infants and children, characterized by respiratory distress and hypoxemia. Older children may also have wheezing with viral infections. Bronchiolitis is typically caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Other agents that have been associated with bronchiolitis include adenoviruses, parainfluenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Transmission occurs primarily by direct contact with infected secretions. Viral shedding typically lasts 6 to 10 days. Attack rates among family members are 45 per cent, and transmission in daycare centers approaches 100 per cent among infants previously uninfected. Symptoms In the case of the toddler with acute epiglottitis, the symptoms might include acute illness with high temperature (often 39.5C+) and associated toxic state for less than 2 days, acute onset of severe inspiratory and expiratory stridor which is rapidly progressive. The child appears anxious, still, swallowing is painful and so there often is drooling of saliva. The child with epiglottitis presents with an abrupt onset of fever, sore

Human resource management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Human resource management - Assignment Example The HR manager might view flexible working schedules to maximize productivity throughout an 18 hour cycle. Thus, scheduling labour to meet goals sees the exploitation of talent in the same way that tangible resources are exploited. The soft model of HRM is more people-centred and deals with creating motivational strategies, coaching, or mentoring to achieve high levels of employee commitment and trust. Soft HRM policies consider employees emotional capacity and psycho-social needs and then integrates policy formation objectives with these principles in mind. In soft thinking, the employee is a method to achieve competitive advantage through commitment-building (Armstrong 2008). IR is primarily concerned with the relationship between union bargaining and employees (Elvander 1998). Storey (1992) recognises fundamental shifts from IR to HRM based on key dimensions of practice, policy and specific business goals. Whilst HRM often includes strategies that are people-centred, IR is more tr ansactional in nature, delivering rewards that are highly contingent on performance. The HR school of thought is more unitarist in nature, whilst IR is more pluralist. Storey (1992) sees negotiation as a primary aspect of line management activity in IR with HRM more of a facilitating role. Specific norms demand compliance in IR theory whilst HRM focuses on building policies and practices around vision and mission. In personal experience, the strategic role of line management is to recognize contingencies where the organisation must have practices aligned with needs for organisational performance. Strategic HRM for line management is to identify a best practice model and continue to create strategies aligned with efficiency. Strategic HRM views all organisational divisions and practices to be an amalgamation to achieve best practice, productivity and profit. The implications to employees are diverse training to recognise inter-dependencies and higher demands for performance to achiev e long-term goals related to business strategy. Flexibility in the workplace Personal experience describes a flexible model that involves changing contracted hours and periodic placement to perform job responsibilities in order to provide childcare. Under this model, the employee required 30 weeks of employment and must have had no negative assessments associated with periodic performance reviews. This model provided opportunities to replace the traditional Monday-Friday schedule with Saturday working in exchange for a weekly day off and also implementing telecommuting resources for those in service roles. Flexible models provide opportunities for building employee satisfaction and can be implemented according to business needs, such as customer service output expectations or when the business intends to expand its service to include weekend consultation for clients. Thus, it has competitive advantage capabilities and also the ability to create a more productive workforce. Armstrong (2008) identifies that flexible working concepts provide the ability to create a better skilled employee population, such as what occurs in job sharing. When employees are able to experience other divisional roles, they become more fluent in practices and procedures that can, in the long-term give the business more competitive advantage. A disadvantage to flexible working is the ability to determine whether pay is competitive to the labour

Shoplifting is a crime born of poverty Essay Example for Free

Shoplifting is a crime born of poverty Essay Shoplifting means someone involve stealing from the shop during business hour. Shoplifting is an old problem for merchants. There are lots of reasons to shoplift, range from very poverty and satisfy the desires or mental illness. Although there are lots of anti-shoplifting devices in place and the increase in police patrols and offers the retailers guidance on preventive measures, the rate of shoplifting in the world is still increasing. According to the Home Office crime statistics, there was a 10 percent increase in shoplifting in United Kingdom in the year of 2009. According to the Global Retail Theft Barometer research (2009), total global shoplifting in 41 participating countries costs economic lost for around $114,823 billion. Therefore, shoplifting is a serious problem not just in the United Kingdom. The statistics from the Home Office and the research form the Centre for Retail Research showed that the shoplifting is being a serious problem in contemporary society, and this essay is going to discuss, is shoplifting is a crime born of poverty. If not, then what is the reason for people to shoplift? For the issue of shoplifting is a crime born of poverty, there are several factors that may related to the increase of shoplifting and the argument of shoplifting is a crime born of poverty, such as high unemployment rate, Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory, underclass and the relationship between capitalism and crime. Against the issue of shoplifting is a crime born of poverty, there are several factors against the argument, such as peer pressure in adolescent, drug addict, psychological elements or other adolescent psychological factors. The rest of the essay is going to analysis all the factors either for or against. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory, this is a theory in psychology and proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation. Figure1: Maslows Hierarchy of Needs His theories parallel many other theories of human development psychology and focuses on describing the stages growth in humans. He presented his theory in a pyramid and defined the stages with Physiological, Safety, Love/belonging, Esteem and Self-actualization needs to explain the pattern that human motivations pass through. The base floor of the hierarchy  represented basic human need, which are breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis and excretion. These are necessary for human to survive in order to achieve the upper level of human wants. Moving on to the next part, which is safety needs and it included security of body, employment, resources, morality, the family, health and property. This part represents a civilization of human beings, which they are chasing for a better living standard. Then next part is Love or belonging needs, which are friendship, family and sexual intimacy. After that, Esteem needs included self-esteem confidence, achievement, respect of others and respect by others. The last part is self-actualization needs, which included morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice and acceptance of facts. This is the ethical and spiritual level that Maslow believed. Taking Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs as an accurate portrayal of individual evolution, we could apply that to the evolution of human society, which included economically, socially and politically. Therefore the argument of this essay can be clearly explained. If a person lives without food, water and homeostasis, he may not be able to reach the upper levels of the pyramid, which included morality, safety and self-actualization. Therefore, he will commit crime like shoplifting or theft to get what he needs to survive. Most of the humans’ lacks of physiological needs are in poverty. Thus shoplifting can be said as a crime born of poverty in Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory. Secondly, the relationship between capitalism and crime is a factor that makes shoplifting a crime born of poverty. Capitalism is an economic system that favours private ownership. In other words, capitalism is a system of economics under which ownership of and investment in the means of exchange, distribution and production. Therefore, most capitalism countries have the problem of inequality, which mean the gap between the rich and the poor. According to urban dictionary, capitalism is an imbalanced mechanism for distributing power where the rich and powerful get richer and more powerful, the poor get poorer. According to BBC News (2009), United Kingdom is a capitalism country, the gap between the rich and poor is very serious in UK, and the richest fifth of the population had an income 16 times greater than the poorest fifth. According to the National Equality Panel (NEP) report (2008), United States and United Kingdom are in the top 10 of inequality countries, which mean the gap between rich and poor  is very big. The rate of shoplifting in United State and United Kingdom are increasing, which means inequality will make poor people committed crime. In capitalism countries, when the gap between rich and poor become wider, the rate of crime will increase. Because capitalism is an idea that rich peoples use money to buy goods then sell to gain money but poor people don’t have money to buy goods in order to sell to gain money, so they committed shoplifting and sell the things that they stole in order to survive. Thirdly, Murray (1990) explained that there are three main characteris tics of underclass, which are illegitimacy, violent crime and economic inactivity. Shoplifting is an activity, which is economic inactive. Murray (1990) has also explained that the morally weak underclass that is unemployed is usually involved in crime and drug addiction. By analysis, the Murray research, the crime committed in shoplifting which is unemployed. According to The New York Times (2012), a single mother committed shoplifting and sells the goods in order to survive because the government had passed the 1996 welfare reform law. This case showed that there are people shoplifting because of poverty. Then, some people committed shoplifting because lack of clear purpose in life. These kinds of people often under unemployment, therefore, they live below poverty level. According to the research done by Mcshane, Lawless and Noonan (1991), 70 apprehended shoplifter aged between 18 and 88 compared to 70 undergraduate non-shoplifters, they found that shoplifters were most likely to live in poverty, to be socially isolated and not to aware psychological stressors th an those who do not shoplift. This research showed that people who live long-term under the poverty level lacks the purpose in life. Therefore, the research done by Mcshane, Lawless and Noonan (1991) proven shoplifting is a crime born of poverty. Finally, according to the UK Office For National Statistics (2012), the unemployment rate in United Kingdom was last reported at 8.3 per cent and it rose steadily. The unemployment rate has explained that the reason people shoplift is because of economic. Although the government have unemployment benefit, there are lots of people who are unemployed but do not meet the requirement to get the unemployment benefit. Therefore, shoplifting in United Kingdom still increases. The study of Ray and Briar (1988) included 200 court records and 382 self-reports and showed that shoplifters were more likely to have lower family income, be unemployed  believe that economic need causes shoplifting. However, there are lots of people who shoplift to satisfy their desires and some of them might pursue excitiement by shoplifting. Shoplifting is a psychological issue for a group of people. According to the articles National Association for Shoplifting Prevention (2006), the single largest psychological factors in around one-third of shoplifters are experiencing depression. Geyer (2001) also explained that most of the shoplifting offender is due to psychological factions. Therefore, most of the shoplifters committed shoplifting because of psychological issues more than because they are poor. Besides, according to Tonglet (2002), the decision to shoplift is influenced by social factors, pro-shoplifting attitudes, opportunities for shoplifting and perceptions of low risks in being caught. He described that shoplifting is consumer misbehaviour. BBC News Magazine (2012) also described that there is a new wave of middle-class shoplifter is targeting some high-end delicacies from stores and supermarket to have a lifestyle that they could no longer afford. The society believed that this development is caused by the ec onomic recession. On the other hand, teen’s problem is also a very important factor of shoplifting. According to the National Crime Prevention Council (2006), there are 25% of people committed shoplifting between the ages of thirteen and seventeen. The following essay is going to analysis and explain the reason that people shoplifting apart from poverty. Adolescent shoplifting is a nationwide rising problem. According to Moschis, Dena and Anthony (1990) experiment, they have surveyed 1692 teenagers from age 10 to 17 investigating shoplifting behaviour, family occupational status, rule breaking behaviour and perceived reasons for adolescent shoplifting. The result showed that shoplifting rate between the age 10 and 15 rose steadily and declined between the age 15 and 17. Moschis, Dena and Anthony (1990) concluded that there are few reasons explained that why teens shoplifting, such as chasing for excitement, peer pressure and attracting attention. For the reason of chasing for excitement, most of the teens got lots of time when they were bored and didn’t have anything better to do, they will pretend shoplifting to gain excitement. For the reason of peer pressure, it is playing a very important role on adolescent shoplifting. When their peers get a pair of expensive name brands shoes or clothes, the others will try to keep up with their peers and wear the latest. Other than that, electronics  also very popular, such as mp3 player, console, phone and other small expensive items. Most teens want to get the best and the latest leisure fashion and electronics to compete with their peers so they are faced with the lack of money to satisfy their desires, they may turn to shoplifting. Steven Gerrard said, â€Å"Being a young lad it’s hard not to give into peer pressure. I stole to fit in. I grabbed a few pens paper from Woolworths made a dash for the door but the security guy grabbed me.† Steven Gerrard is an England soccer hero, he confessed that he stole pens and nabbed by cops when he was in his early teens. This case strongly influenced that shoplifting isn’t a crime born of poverty. At last, the parent attention, many parents were very busy in their work in contemporary society so they will lack of care of their children. The child will do something in order to attract their parents’ attention. The second component that people committed shoplifting is drug users. According a study of Arrestees (2005), the study confirmed that shoplifting was the most frequent crime amongst drug users. This group of people shoplifting showed that they need to shoplift in order to fund their drug habit. Drug users usually resell the things that they steal or attempt a cash refund. The study also showed that alcohol is also a main component in shoplifting. According to BBC News (2012), most cases of shoplifting by what psychologists describe as â€Å" non-professional shoplifter â€Å", and most of them shoplifting to feed their alcohol addiction. Both drug addict and alcoholic people committed shoplifting in order to feed their drug and alcohol addiction not because of they are poverty. Thirdly, Kleptomania is an impulse control disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder or bipolar disorder. Although there are very few of shoplifters fall into this category, this type of shoplifters has a psychological compulsion to shoplifting to satisfy their desires. They will commit shoplifting whenever the urge hits. According to Tasman (2011), he explained that people with Kleptomania often report the shoplifting act and they feel of pleasure after committed shoplifting. This kind of people shoplifting is because of mental illness, most of them did not think themselves as a crime after committed shoplifting. But in contemporary society, the law enforcement agencies treated them as normal crime. As a conclusion, to discuss whether or not shoplifting is a crime born of poverty, as it has countless factors causing  people to shoplift and lots of factor proved that shoplifting is born of poverty. Almost all of the reasons that support the argument are around economic and policy, such as the unemployment rate, the unemployment welfare, capitalism and the economic depression. In another word, if the government are to carry out well policy, the shoplifting rate will decrease. Therefore, the government plays a very important role in decreasing the rate of shoplifting. On the other hand, most of the shoplifters committed shoplifting not because of poverty, there are several factors that makes people shoplift, such as Kleptomania, psychological factors, peer pressure, teens’ problem and drug users. All of the academic researches and government reports showed that most shoplifting cases are influenced by the shoplifter’s psychological factors more than poverty, such as the Steven Gerrard’s case, the reason for him committing shoplift was not due to poverty. This is why it may seem fair to say, shoplifting is not a crime born of poverty, it is a crime born of psychological factors and government policy. After all, the study of crime has been the core subject matter in criminology. There are no definite answers as to why people commit certain crimes neither has the causation been found for criminal activities. Different schools of criminology proves that there are no definite answers in the understanding of crime. References Appelbaum, A. and Klemmer, H. (2012) Shoplifting. Menninger Perspective, 5 (3), p.16-19. Bbc.co.uk (2012) BBC News Why do well-off people shoplift?. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-16469928 [Accessed: 1 May 2012]. Bbc.co.uk (2010) BBC Mark Eastons UK: Is inequality iniquitous?. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/markeaston/2010/01/is_inequality_iniquitous.html [Accessed: 1 May 2012]. City-journal.org (2008) The New York Timess Welfare Myopia by Heather Mac Donald City Journal. [online] Available at: http://www.city-journal.org/2012/eon0416hm.html [Accessed: 1 May 2012]. Cox, D. et al. (1990) When Consumer Behavior Goes Bad: An Investigation of Adolescent Shoplifting.. 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